When colors were compared in pairs, the difference between values for green and red were not significantly different (X 2 =, df=1, p>.5). However, the values for black and orange were significantly different (X 2 =, df=1, p 7/4/ · Discussion section of research paper example. Peirce randomly assigned volunteers to a blinded repeated measures design to evaluate their ability to discriminate weights. A standard format is used for these articles in which the author presents the research in an orderly logical manner 6/22/ · The discussion section of a scientific paper is probably the hardest section to write. Authors must highlight their findings but not overstate their relevance. They must introduce other studies for comparison and give their own results context. In many cases, authors also must highlight the limitations of their work and then give readers a
How to Write a Strong Discussion in Scientific Manuscripts
Release Date: May 3, Category: Manuscript Writing Author: Rita N. A strong Discussion section provides a great deal of analytical discussion scientific paper example. Your goal should be discussion scientific paper example critically analyze and interpret the findings of your study.
You should place your findings in the context of published literature and describe how your study moves the field forward. It is often easy to organize the key elements of a Discussion section into distinct paragraphs or groups of paragraphs. In summary, discussion scientific paper example, a strong Discussion includes a concise summary of the problem you are investigating and a critical discussion discussion scientific paper example major and minor findings in the context of published literature.
The limitations should also be acknowledged, and future directions should be discussed. A strong ending is important; discuss the significance, overall conclusion, and major impact of your study. If you like our articles, discussion scientific paper example, try our workshops! Our articles are based on the material from our scientific writing workshops, which cover these and many other topics more thoroughly, with more examples and discussion.
We offer on-site workshops for your event or organization, discussion scientific paper example also host workshops that individual participants can attend. Our on-site scientific writing workshops can range from hours to several days in length. We can tailor the length to suit your needs, and we can deliver a writing workshop as a stand-alone activity or as part of scheduled meetings.
Our scientific writing workshops consistently receive high praise from participants including graduate students, post-docs, and faculty in diverse fields.
Please see our scientific writing workshop page for details. If you found this article helpful or if there is a topic you want us to address in a future article, please use our online comment submission formor contact us directly. Your comments and suggestions are valuable! Click here to return to our scientific editing article library. Site Map My Account Home About Contact Prices Services.
How to Write a Strong Discussion in Scientific Manuscripts Release Date: May 3, Discussion scientific paper example Manuscript Writing Author: Rita N. Summarize the major gap in understanding that your work is attempting to fill. What was the overarching hypothesis? In the first few sentences of the Discussion, state the main problem that you were trying to address.
Although this should relate to the information that you provided in the Introduction, this paragraph should not repeat statements that have already been made. Why is filling this gap important? How will answering this question move the field forward? After identifying the problem, state the main reason that this study was needed. Describe how answering this specific research question will make a significant contribution to your field. Example: EGFR-overexpressing cancers are highly aggressive and have a higher tendency to metastasize.
Currently, available drugs specifically target the EGFR and elicit high response rates. However, the majority of patients eventually develop progressive disease. The mechanisms through which cancers escape EGFR-targeted therapies remain unclear.
Identification of specific molecules that mediate resistance to EGFR-directed treatments will facilitate the development of novel therapies discussion scientific paper example may improve responses to currently available therapies. Paragraph 2: This paragraph provides a critical analysis of your major finding s. What was your overall approach for studying the gap? In one discussion scientific paper example two sentences, state the main models or strategies that you used to study this specific research question.
This should recapitulate whether the work included animals, cell culture, human subjects, or other novel techniques. Some investigators prefer to place this section at the end of the first paragraph. This decision may vary depending on the specific study. What was the most important result of your study? The focus of this paragraph is to highlight the most important contribution that your study has made.
Explicitly state this result. Additional findings major and minor can be described in subsequent paragraphs, discussion scientific paper example. Do not repeat detailed results that can be found in the Results section.
In general, specific figure numbers do not need to be re-stated in the Discussion unless you feel that doing so would substantially enhance your argument or discussion point.
A schematic of your proposed mechanism or model can often be helpful for clearly and concisely summarizing your major result s. How does your result s fit with existing literature?
This is an important part of the paragraph and may require multiple paragraphs depending on the number of key studies that exist on your topic. This paragraph should be well-rounded, meaning that contrary reports must also be discussed. In the case of a contrary report, you should state your interpretation of how and why the results of the two studies differed. For example, did the approaches differ or were there major differences in sample sizes that may have affected results?
Depending on how much information is available in the literature, a critical analysis of your major finding may require multiple paragraphs. In the following example, we state the approach bold and the main result underline. Example: In this study, we measured secreted factors in the media of sensitive and resistant cell lines to identify differentially expressed cytokines that may mediate resistance.
Through a combination of ELISAs and mass spectrometry-based assays, we identified cytokine A as being significantly up-regulated in resistant cells. Cytokine A is a major activator of the ABCD signaling cascade literature citations. The ABCD cascade is a known target of EGFR signaling and is usually blocked in response to EGFR inhibition literature citations.
A previous study demonstrated that exogenous stimulation of ABCD signaling reduces the response to EGFR-targeted drugs literature citations. This report is consistent with our finding that a major stimulus of ABCD signaling is overexpressed in resistant cells. Based on these data, we propose that hyperactive ABCD signaling is a major mechanism of resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies Figure XX, schematic of proposed mechanism of resistance. This section will be greatly expanded in a real Discussion section to place your finding in the context of multiple published studies, discussion scientific paper example.
Paragraph 3: Discuss additional findings and how these fit with existing literature. Most studies yield multiple results. After you discuss your main result in the paragraph above, discuss additional major or minor findings, discussion scientific paper example.
Unexpected and intriguing findings may be especially important to convey to readers. In addition, if a finding is contrary to what has been suggested in the literature, acknowledge this, and offer explanations based on your study. Even if a result was not statistically significant, it can be helpful to discuss a potential trend that may be important to assess in a future study.
If these additional findings relate to your main finding, discuss the associations. Paragraph 4: Discuss the limitations of the study.
Discuss potential limitations in study design. For example, how representative was your model? Did sample size affect your conclusions? Consider how these limitations affect the interpretation or quality of data.
Do they affect the ability to generalize your findings? Paragraph 5: Discuss future directions. What major follow up studies are indicated based on your results?
Most studies yield new discoveries that prompt additional studies. Consider what new directions are supported by your findings. For example, do your experiments suggest that a specific molecule should be tested as a new drug target or that tissue-based studies or clinical investigations should be performed to translate your animal studies to patients?
Making recommendations for follow-up studies is an important part of a Discussion. Paragraph 6: Discuss your overall conclusion and the major impact of your study. What is the main take-home message of your study?
What is the main contribution that your study makes to your field? Relate this section to the first paragraph of the Discussion. Scientific Writing Workshops If you like our articles, try our workshops! Editing Services Abstracts Book Chapters Grant Proposals Marketing Materials Medical Editing Product and Package Labels Presentations Scientific Editing Other Services Book Indexing Clinical Writing Figure, Table, discussion scientific paper example, and Model Services Grant Consulting Grant Reviews Journal Cover Letters Journal Formatting Journal Recommendation Journal Submission Language Translation Overlapping Text Detection Publisher Copyediting Medical Writing Online Science Writing Courses Regulatory Compliance Writing Workshops Take Action Ask a Question Forgot My Password Discussion scientific paper example My User ID Frequently Asked Questions Order Editing Online Register for Online Course Send Us Your Feedback © CopyrightBioScience Writers LLC, All Rights Reserved We are Anti Discussion scientific paper example. Korea University, "This is a great course for foreigners who do not use English as discussion scientific paper example mother tongue" Graduate Student South Korea.
Country -- All Countries -- Australia Austria Bahamas Belgium Brazil Canada Chile China Colombia Congo Denmark France Germany Guatemala Hong Kong India Indonesia Iraq Israel Italy Japan Kuwait Lebanon Malaysia Mexico Netherlands Poland Russian Federation Saudi Arabia Singapore South Korea Spain Sweden Switzerland Taiwan Thailand Turkey United States. Editing Services Abstracts Book Chapters Grant Proposals Marketing Materials Medical Editing Product and Package Labels Presentations Scientific Editing.
Other Services Book Indexing Clinical Writing Figure, Table, and Model Services Grant Consulting Grant Reviews Journal Cover Letters Journal Formatting Journal Recommendation Journal Submission Language Translation Overlapping Text Detection Publisher Copyediting Medical Writing Online Science Writing Courses Regulatory Compliance Writing Workshops. Take Action Ask a Question Forgot My Password Forgot My User ID Frequently Asked Questions Order Editing Online Register for Online Course Send Us Your Feedback.
Writing a discussion for a research paper or thesis
, time: 11:56Writing a Scientific Paper - Results, Discussion and Conclusion Sections
1/21/ · Leading a discussion of a scientific paper. I’m teaching a graduate class in Entomology this term, and part of that class involves students leading discussions about scientific papers in our discipline. These discussions are typically between 60 and 90 minutes, with a In example 8, the authors open the Discussion by reminding the reader of information reported in the Material and methods section: “In this study, two transgenic lettuce lines ” In example 9, the objective of the study is described (“The objective of this study was ”) followed by a description of information drawn from Material and methods section (“Genotypes were compared based on ”).Cited by: 1 6/22/ · The discussion section of a scientific paper is probably the hardest section to write. Authors must highlight their findings but not overstate their relevance. They must introduce other studies for comparison and give their own results context. In many cases, authors also must highlight the limitations of their work and then give readers a
No comments:
Post a Comment